Timing of DHWD is critical. The European Stroke Initiative (2003) states "early decompressive surgery within the first 24 hours after stroke can reduce mortality markedly" (p. 11). Schwab et al.

Increased ICP is sustained ICP greater than 20 mmHg. It may have many causes, among them traumatic brain injury, subarachnoid hemorrhage, intracerebral hemorrhage, intraventricular hemorrhage, and ...