Second, some of the symbols were decoys that meant absolutely ... the religious rulings imposed on them by the Catholic Holy Roman Empire. At the time the letter was written, Charles V had already ...

Charles V began inheriting various family titles at a young age, and his dominion eventually encompassed the Holy Roman Empire—which ... 120 encrypted symbols didn't employ a simple symbol ...

For answers we should look back in time to when Germany was part of the Holy Roman Empire. The empire scarcely seems worthy of discussion today. If it has any resonance at all, it is usually ...

Joachim Whaley's ground-breaking history of the Holy Roman Empire escapes the shadow cast by the Nazis, finds Peter Oborne. By Peter Oborne 28 March 2012 • 10:37am The Court of Emperor Frederick ...