If transistors could ... certainly could replace them in computers too. The army, with its need for ever-faster and more efficient calculations, was the first to jump on the bandwagon.

When Bell Labs introduced the transistor in June ... the modern transistor used in computer chips—is similar in operation to the one that Shockley first proposed. It consists of a semiconductor ...

about six years after Texas Instruments and Regency introduced the first transistor radio. Unlike traditional vacuum-tube televisions, which were bulky, fragile, and power-hungry, the TV8-301 was ...