and the sum of the protons and neutrons gives the atomic mass, the number of neutrons defines the isotope of that element. For example, most carbon (≈ 99 %) has 6 protons and 6 neutrons and is written ...

and the time it takes for one-half of a particular isotope to decay is its radioactive half-life. For example, about 1.5 percent of a quantity of Uranium 238 will decay to lead every 100 million ...

Deuterium, known as heavy hydrogen, is playing an increasingly important role, for example, in the development ... research is how to provide these isotopes in a highly pure form in an efficient ...

The CUBES-SIL lab has three magnetic sector, gas-source, isotope ratio mass spectrometers designed to measure the relative abundance of stable isotopes of light elements and molecules. These ...

Stable isotopes can be used by measuring their amounts and proportions in samples, for example in water samples. Naturally-occurring stable isotopes of water and other substances are used to trace the ...