Most people are born with astigmatism. Usually, it's either because their cornea — the clear window in front of the eye — is more oval than round or their lenticular lens — is overly curved.

Central adaptive astigmatism is our term for the residual cylindrical correction that a patient may request after corneal and lenticular astigmatism have been surgically eliminated ...

Astigmatism, derived from Greek meaning "without spot," refers to a common refractive condition that decreases acuity. Astigmatism has both a magnitude and a direction, or axis, unlike spherical ...