For a long time, almost all attention was on the motile cilia because their function was readily observable. But scientists, starting with Alexander Kowalevsky had reported the presence of single ...

Cilia are small hairs which beat to push the mucus back up the trachea so it can be swallowed and destroyed in the stomach. Clean air then enters the two bronchi, one bronchus going to each lung.

A research team at Vanderbilt University, led by Xiaoguang Dong, Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering, has developed ...