Maintaining adequate hydration and avoiding excessive consumption of soda are essential measures for prevention,” Dr. Thales ...

The vast majority of CICD reactions, however, are caused by one of seven basic irritant groups: calcium oxalate, protoanemonin, isothiocyanates, diterpene esters, bromelain, and alkaloids.

And if they occur in the bladder, it is known as “cystolithiasis”. Most stones are made up of calcium, potassium, and several other minerals and electrolytes, but calcium appears to be the most common ...

Bladder rupture due to Intravesical explosion is a rarely reported complication, and it was first reported in English literature in 1926. This article presents a case of a 57-year-old man with ...