Charles craftily lured Henry VIII into alliances, promising the Tudor monarch support ... boasted a court of equal extravagance. The Holy Roman Empire halted the Ottoman advance into Europe at the ...

the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, would carry out the notorious Sack of Rome. At that moment—when he was three and a half years into his pontificate as Pope Clement VII—Giulio was glad of the ...

Papal conclaves have featured calls of election fraud and bribery so gauche that riches were wheeled in on donkey carts.

When cardinals met in 1549, an envoy for the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V let them know that ... regretted picking the bad-tempered Pope Urban VI and appointed a rival French antipope, Clement ...

Pope St. Stephen II was the first sovereign of the Papal States, a gift from the Frankish king Pepin the Short, the son of Charles Martel and father of Charlemagne, the first Holy Roman Emperor.

Pius VI (1775-1799) – 24 years ... Alexander III also struggled against the internalized conflicts such as with Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I, and headed the attempt to seal the battle over ...

Formosus was very much involved in politics and the game of whack-a-pope, and had been forced to flee to France after the candidate for Holy Roman Emperor he supported lost out to Charles the Bald.

Damian Lewis as King Henry VIII in Wolf Hall ... When, actually, the reality is, Francis of France; Charles V, the Holy Roman Emperor; and Suleiman the Magnificent, the Ottoman, the Turk, who ...

Kings and Generals animated historical documentary series on the history of middle ages continues with a video on how the Imperial cities of the Holy Roman ... victory led Emperor Charles IV ...

This video explores Bohemia’s Place in the Holy Roman Empire, tracing its historical significance from its elevation to a kingdom under the Přemyslid dynasty to its golden age under Charles IV.