In multicellular organisms, growth factors, hormones, neurotransmitters ... producing multiple intracellular signals for every one receptor that is bound. Protein kinases such as PKA and PKC ...

G-protein coupled receptors regulate hormone secretions in the pancreas ... that have seven membrane-spanning domains connected by intracellular and extracellular domains (Figure 2), and these ...

A new Salk Institute study suggests estrogen-related receptors could be a key to repairing energy metabolism and muscle fatigue.

PAMP-triggered pathways can also lead to changes in gene expression and hormone levels ... molecules into the plant cell. Intracellular plant protein complexes called nucleotide-binding domain, ...