For the past decade, scientists have been trying to get to the bottom of what seemed like a major inconsistency in the ...

Explore Maxwell’s equations and their significance in electricity and magnetism, shaping modern technology and science.

Abstract: Based on the algebraic transformation of a randomly switched linear measurement equation to a nonlinear, yet deterministic equation, an asymptotic observer is constructed for a class of ...

The formula for this is: ROI = (Sales growth- Marketing Cost) / Marketing Cost. There are also more elaborate ways to measure ROI, such as with campaign attributable ROI, which factors in existing ...

Abstract: Uncertainties unavoidably exist in modeling for nonlinear systems: state equation, measurement equation, and/or noises statistics might be uncertain. Such model mismatches render the ...