How do we organize elements in a system? One way is through the lens of hierarchy, which presupposes levels, a top-down ...

There was skepticism about the existence of abstract or symbolic thought in early ... of human cognitive evolution. The deliberate engravings found on these artifacts highlight the capacity for ...

Sheep shaped human history for 12,000 years. Scientists traced their migration, domestication, and genetic evolution.

Horses have been our steadfast companions for many major events. Here's how the domestication of the horse helped them shape ...

Sediment cores from the Aegean Sea reveal that human-driven lead contamination began 5,200 years ago—much earlier than expected. This pollution is tied to shifts in economy and land use, culminating ...

Lead pollution started peaking when the Romans took over the Aegean coastline.

Stone Age artefacts discovered in Levant caves have revealed intentionally etched geometric designs, providing new evidence ...

These highlighted the intentionality behind the engravings, shedding new light on the cognitive and cultural complexity of early human societies. Traditionally, such markings were mostly thought ...