Exactly 100 years ago, in October of 1923, one of Hollywood’s most beloved stars, Charlie Chaplin, a producer, director, and onscreen king of the comedy genre, released a touching melodrama.

The show, to be called “The King of Comedy Stand-up Season,” is to be aired by iQiyi, one of China’s dominant streaming platforms. The title is a reference to one of Chow’s best-known ...