and the interaction between the right heart and pulmonary circulation. Adult CHD is heterogeneous, with myriad permutations of underlying defects, previous interventions, and associated comorbidities.

In vivo platelet activation and related pathways may be linked to small airways disease and pulmonary vascular changes in smokers.

The presence of PH in HFpEF is typically the consequence of the backwards transmission of elevated left atrial pressure into the pulmonary circulation. This is reflected by an increased mean pulmonary ...

Category 3: Pulmonary hypertension associated with disorders of the respiratory system and/or hypoxemia Category 4: Pulmonary hypertension due to chronic thrombotic and/or embolic disease Category 5: ...