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The suspects, who were allegedly planning blasts in the city, have been identified as Siraj Ur Rehman (29) and Syed Sameer ...

Elina Gertsman calls the exhibit “small, but mighty.” Some items are so intricate and ornate they require viewing through a magnifying glass to capture detail. But make no mistake, the impact of ...

One of the most remarkable aspects of Papal conclaves is the potential length of the election process. While modern conclaves typically conclude within a few days, history has seen conclave periods ...

anthracene, and sulfur. White smoke is created by burning ballots with a mixture of potassium chlorate, lactose, and rosin.

anthracene, and sulfur. White smoke is created by burning ballots with a mixture of potassium chlorate, lactose, and rosin.

Meanwhile, white smoke is produced using a much cleaner fuel mix and a more powerful oxidiser. Potassium chlorate (KClO₃) – even more reactive than perchlorate – ensures a hot, vigorous burn. Lactose ...

Tradition holds that black smoke indicates the cardinals have not yet agreed on a new leader, while white smoke signals that ...

For black smoke, the Vatican uses a mixture of potassium perchlorate, anthracene, and sulphur. The white smoke used to signal ...

Instead the 2013 recipe calls for potassium chlorate, the common sugar lactose and a type of pine resin sometimes known as Greek pitch. The first two ingredients are a common pair, Steinberg says ...

Potassium chlorate (KClO₃)—even more reactive than perchlorate—ensures a hot, vigorous burn. Lactose acts as the fuel, burning quickly and cleanly into water vapor and carbon dioxide.

"For white smoke, a combination of potassium chlorate, lactose, and pine rosin, is used, which burns clean and pale. "In the past they tried to burn damp straw to create a darker smoke and dry straw ...